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0. B. STILWELL.

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PAJPER BAG MACHINE.

Patented June 12,1883.

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G. B. STILWELL.

PAPER BAG MACHINE.

No. 279,505. 6 Patented June 12,1883.

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(No Model.) 7 Sheets-Sheet 3.

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PAPER'BAG MACHINE.

No. 279,505. Patented June 12,1883.

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(1 10 Model.) 7 Sheets-Sheet 4.

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PAPER BAG M 'H'INE.

No. 279,505. Patented June 12,1883.

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PAPER BAG MAGEINR -Patented JunelZ, 1883.

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(No Model.) 7 Sheets-Sheet 6.

0. B. STILWELL.

PAPER BAG MACHINE. No. 279,505. Patented June 12,1883.

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Patented June 12,1883.

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CHARLES B. STILWVELL, OF \VATERTOVVN, N Y., ASSIGNOR TO THE UNION PAPERBAG MACHINE COIVIPANY,'OF PHILADELPHIA, PA.

PAPER- B AG MACH I NE.

CPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 279,505. dated June 12,1883,

Application filed August 1 .15812. No model.)

Tu'rtlt whom, it may concern/.-

Be it known 'that I, CHAS. l3. STILWELL, a citizen of the United States,residing in the city of Watertown, county of Jefferson, and State 5 ofNew York, have invented certain new and usefulImprovements in Paper-BagMachines, fully described and represented in the following specificationand the accompanying drawings," forming a part of the same.

1 The present invention relates to machinery for the manufacture ofpaper bags, some of its features being applicable toall classes of suchmachines, while others apply only to those machines which produce bagsoft-he kind known 1 satchel-bottom. \Vith reference to the latter classof machines it relates more particularly to one having the generalcharacteristics of that shown and described in United'States LettersPatent No. 255, 204. 2 Those features of the "invention which areapplicable alike to all bag-machines in which a web of paper isconverted into atube to be afterward cut into "bag-lengths, consist in.devices for properly guiding the web in its 011- 2 5 trance into themachine, and ina mechanism for applying a line of paste to the edge ofthe web, so constructed and arranged as to com.- pensate for variationsin the tension of the web without interfering with the continuity of theline of paste.

Those features especially applicable to machines which makesatchel-bottom bags consist principz-tlly in the various devices andcombinations by which the machine is capaci- 35 'tated to produce bagsof various sizes, all of which are hereinafter so fully explained andparticularly pointed out as to make further preliminary descriptionunnecessary.

In said drawings, Figures 1 and 2 are oppo 0 site side'elevations of amechanism embodying'the present invention. Figs. 3 and 4 are oppositeend elevations of the same. Fig. 5 is alongitudinal vertical section ofthe same, the frame being oinittedfor the sake of clear- 5 ness ofillustration. Fig. 6-is a plan view of tlie'same, and Fig. 7 is ahorizontal section upon the linem m of Figs. 2'and 3. Fig. 8 is anenlarged sectional view of the devices-for controlling the movements ofthe cuttingand 5o creasing apparatus so as to vary the size of the bagproduced. Fig. 9-is a crosssection of the same, taken upon theli'ne y yand looking in the direction of the arrow; and Figs. 10 and 11illustrate modifications of said devices, to be hereinafterreferred to.

In order that the invention may be fully and easily understood, thegeneral functions of the mechanism in which it is embodied will be firstexplained in connection with its operation upon a'webof paper inconverting the same into bags, after which the structure, particu-- larcharacteristics, and specific operations of the difl'erent parts will,as far as is necessary, be explained in detail.

The web of paper to be operated upon is led from a roll, 50, supportedupon a shaft, 51, held in bearings at-the left of the machine, asshown'in Fig. 1. The web is first conducted around the leading-roll 53,where one of its edges receives a continuous line of paste from thepasting-disk 54, and after passing between 'cuttii'ig-rolls 56, whereblade 12 makes short transverse cuts through the center ofv the web ator near the points of ultimate severance of bag frombag, (as shown inUnited 7 States Patent No. 255,204,) it is led onto the vertical former57, where, by the aid of guide-fingers 58, the tube is formed in theusual and well-known manner. lhe web, nowin the form of a tube, havingshort transverse cuts, in one of its plies, passes from the formerbetween the feeding and pressing rolls 59 60, which press and set thefreshly-pasted seam, and from thence into the bite of the cutting andopening rolls 61 62. These rolls are pro 8 5 vided with these\-*ering-blades 14 and 15, which cut through both plies of the tube,making the transverse cuts inward from the edgesof the tube and theshort longitudinal slits, which meet and intersect the central 9otransverse cut made by the blade 12, and leave the tube entirelysevered, exceptthe small portion at the seam, all as clearly shown anddescribed in the Letters Patent before referred to. The roll 61 is alsopreferably provided' 5 with a creasing-blade, 16, which cooperates witha groove in the roll 62 to crease the centraltransverse fold of thediamond; but such blade is not-absolutely necessary, as the devices willentirely operative without it. IO

The roll'fil is also provided with means for grasping or causing theouter or upper ply of the tube to adhere to or travel with it for ashort distance, so as to distend or open the end of the tube to lay thediamond fold, said ply being stripped from such holding devices or fromthe surface of the roll by the stripper 85, as also shown and describedin the Letters Patent before referred to. The tube, now entirelysevered, except the small feeding portion, and having its end distended,passes over the roll 62. where the upper ply is laid back into diamondform by the breaking-roll 63, after which the diamond is pressed and hasits fold-lines clearly defined by passing between the rolls 64. Fromthis point it passes onto the endless traveling apron 65, which iscarried by the rolls 67 69. In passing around the curvature of roll 67the rear point of the diamond will. be slightly elevated, so as to comeinto contact with pastingdisks 66, from. which it will receive lines ofpaste at suitable points, these disks, as well as the roll 98 andfountain from which they are supplied, being of the common constructionand operated in the usual manner. After receiving paste the rear pointof the diamond passes under the presser-finger 94, which brings it downonto the surface of roll 67, where it is then creased by the revoly'ingcreaser-blade 9, prepa ratory-to being folded forward and pasted to thebottom of the bag. The diamond folded and creased tube then passesaround roll 67, and is conducted downward between the apron and guides112, the latter being arranged, as in the Letters Patent referred to,soas to overlie and hold down the body of the dia mond withoutinterfering with the folding of the points. As the diamond advancesbetween the apron 65 and guides 112 a blast of air from the tube 109,which communicates with the fan or other blower, 17,raises and throwsforward the rear point of the diamond already creased for the purpose,and puts it in position to be caught and laid down by the faster-movingbelt 68 and pressed by the rolls 69 7 0, between which it next passes.From the rolls 69 70 the tube passes between rolls 71 72, where theblade 18 severs that small portion of the seam-ply which to this pointhas remained unsevered, and the pasting-edges 10 19 upon roll 72 applysuitable lines of paste to the front point of the diamond. These pastingedges receive their paste from the fountain-roll 86, running in thefountain 87 and driven in the usual manner. The front point of thediamond, having been severed from the mouth end of the preceding bag andbeing new free, after receiving paste, passes onward between guides 7 374 and enters between roll 75 and the endless tapes 76. The tapes 76 arearranged to bear only upon the edges of the diamond, so as to leave roombetween them for the creaser-blade 20 to come intocontact with andcrease the front point of the diamond. The creasing action of this bladecauses the point of the diamond between the tapes to bend outward awayfrom roll 75, so that it will come into contact with and be folded backby the small roll 77 onto the body of the diamond, so as to complete thebottom of the bag. As the completed bag emerges from between roll 75 andtapes 76 it is received upon the apron 150 and carried between rolls 151152, where the finished bottom is pressed to set the folds securely inplace, and is then delivered from the machine in any approved orconvenient manner.

By reference to Figs. 1, 2, and it will be observed that the shaft 51,upon which the roll containing the web of paper is mounted, is supportedin bearings 49, attached to pendent arms 52, which are plyoted to theframe of the machine at 48, so as to be capable of lateral oscillation,said arms being held in proper relation to each other byapivota'lly-attached cross-bar, 47, and said bearings 49 being alsopivotally attached, so as to always remain level during the oscillationsof th e arms 52.

The tension of the web is regulated and controlled by a brake 'orfriction device consisting of a bar, 21, secured to the ends of pivotedarms 79 in such position as to rest upon the roll, as shown in Figs. 1.and 3. The pressure of the bar upon the roll, and consequently thetension of the web, can be varied at pleasure by means of acounterbalancing weight or spring adjusted to act at varying points uponthe inwardlyextending ends 82 of the arms 7 9.

The tension-bar 21 is provided upon its under side with a pair ofguides, 78, so-arranged as to bear against the opposite sides of theroll 5Q, J shown in Fig. 3, and cause the web to enter the machine atexactly the right position. \Vhenlarge rolls of paper are used theyfrequently become more or less telescoped, so that were the shaft 51.mounted in fixed bearings, the position of the web laterally of themachine would be gradually changed as the roll was unwound, and-thischanging of the position of the web would of course produce an irregularand defective tube. By mounting the shaft 51 in aswinging frame,however, and prm'iding the guides 78, the position of the roll can bechanged as the web is unwound, so that the web will always be properlypresented to the operating mechanisms. The guides 78 are made adjustableby means of slots in the bar 21, as shown in Fig. 7, so as to permit oftheir acting upon rolls containing webs of varying widths.

In order that any sudden or unusual resistance to the unwinding of theweb may be compensated for, so as not to cause undue strain upon thematerial, the leading roll 53 is mounted in bearings in arms 22,depending from a rock-shaft, 80, so as to be capable of oscillating asthe tension of the web changes. The shaft is also provided with arms 23,which carry the paste-fountain. 81, and in which bearings are formed forthe shaft of the pasting-disk 54. The arms 22 28 are mounted looselyuponthe shaft 80, but are provided with set-screws by which they can besecured in any desired position with relation to each other. In practicethey will be adjusted to such a distance from each other that the pasting-disk will bear 'upon the web as it' passes around roll 53. The arms23 are also made capable of lateral adjustment, so as to place thepasting-disk in proper positions to operthat when an y extra strain uponthe web swings the leading-roll the pasting-disk will follow and theline of paste will not be interrupted.

To prevent the weight of the leading-roll from swinging the arms 23 sofar backward as to tilt the vat 81 to such a degree as to spill thepaste, one of the arms 23 has attached to it a weighted arm, 83,(seeFig. 1,) which counterbalances the leading-roll and holds the vat ina substantially horizontal position..

The three sets of cutting mechanisms 'hereinbefore referred to may be ofany of the common forms of rotary cutters; butthe preferred constructionis that shown and described in United States Letters Patent No. 206,638.

The former 57, which is of the ordinary constructi on, is attached tothe adjustable bracket 84 by means of a bolt, 24, so. that it can bereadily removed and a wider or narrower one l of the drum 67;

substituted when it is desired to vary the width of the tube to beproduced.

Th e breakin g-roller 63 isj ourn al ed in the en ds of. arms 92,whichare loosely mounted upon the stationary shaft 93, and is supportedat the proper distance from the roll 62 by a projection, 91, on theframe 88, upon which rests one of the arms 92.

The pressing-roll 64' is mounted loosely up on the shaft 93, as shown inFig. 5, and simply bears with its own weight .upon the roll 60, it beingrevolved by. frictional contact with the tube. l

In order to prevent the apron 65 from sagging away from, the guides 112,so as to destroy the effective operation of the belt 68 in layingforward the rear point of the diamond,

the apron is caused to travel over a fixed plate, 106, by which it willbe sustained in proper relation to the guides.

The tapes 76, which pass around .roll. 77 and pulleys 25, are kept tautby means of the tightening-pulleys, 26, around which they pass, an d'which are mounted upon the ends of arms extending from and adjustableupon the rock shaft 27. The roll 77 is also supported in arms extendingfrom the shaft 27 and said roll and the tapes 76 are kept constantly incontact with the roll. 7 5by means of a spring, 28,which acts upon anarm, 29, extending from the shaft 27.

The various parts of the apparatus are driven from the main shaft 108,which is. provided with the usual belt-pulleys and hand-wheel and with agear, 113, which, through intermediates 114 115, imparts motion to gear116,'

which is mounted-loosely upon the shaft 117. (See Fig. 6.) The gear 116engages with the intermediate 124, through which motion is imparted togears 125 126 upon the shafts of the feeding drum and roll 6059. Thegear 125 engages with an intermediate, 129, through which motion isimparted to gears 127 128 upon the shafts of the cutting. and openingrolls 61 62. The outward]y-extending end of the shaft of roll 62 isprovided with a gear, 130, which engages with an intermediate, 120. Thisintermediate engages with gear 118, fast upon the shaft of drum 67, andwith gear 131 upon the shaft of paste roll 98, the shafts of thepaste-roll and the pastingdisks 66 being connected by gears 96 97. (See6.) Gear 118 engages with gear 119 upon the shaft 122, which carries thecreasing-blade 9, and also, through the train of intermediates 121 132133, with the gears 134, 135, and 136, which drive the first cutting andthe final cutting, creasing, and pasting mechanisms.

The rolls 55 56 of the first cutting mechanism are connected by gears137 138, and the final cutting and pasting rolls 71 72 86 by gears 139140 141. The roll 75 and the shaft carrying the creaser 20 are alsoconnected by gears so as to be driven in unison.

The driving-shaft 108, in addition to the de vices already specified, isprovided with abeltpulley, 110, aroundwhich passes a belt,'111,

for driving the fan-blower 17, and also with a pulley, 107, around whichpasses the belt 68.

The various gears just described are so proportioned that the cuttingand opening rolls 61 62 will be driven at the same surface speed" as theieeding-rolls 59 60, that the apron 65 will be driven at aslightly'greater speed, so as .to keep the tube taut, and that thecuttingrolls 5556, creaser 9,- cutting and pasting rolls '71 72, andfinal creaser 20, and roll 75 will inake revolution for revolution withthe rolls 61 62.

In the present machine the feed of, the web and tube is the same for allsizes'of bags, it

beingcontrolled by the rolls 59 60, drum 67,

and rolls 69 70, the speed of which is always the same withrelation tothe drivinginechanism. In order therefore to change the length of thebag produced, it is necessary to cause the various devices which cut,crease, open,

and apply paste to the web and tube to act at longer or shorterintervals so that a greater or less length of the web or tube may passbetweelrtwo successive operations and thus a longer or shorter bag beformed.

It will be observed that the action of the cutting and opening rolls 6162 upon the tube is such that they must always hax e surface speed justequal to the feed of the tube, and as theircutting and opening devicesact at each revolution it follows that the length of the bags producedwill always be just equal to the circumference of these rolls. In ordertherefore to produce a longer or shorter bag, larger or smaller rollsmust be used and be driven so as to make a correspondinglyless orgreater number of revolutions to a given length of tubing' To facilitatethe changing of these is constantly exerted to hold the sleeve 8 in lrolls, they are mounted in bearings in a reing at itsminimum speedthatistosay, when movable frame, 88, which is secured in position by bolts89 90, (see Fig. 6,) so that it can be readily removed, and a framecarrying larger or smaller rolls substituted when it is desired tochange the length of the bag. As these rolls are positively driven andmust always have a surface speed just equal -to that of rolls 59 60, itfollows that any change in the size of these rolls must be accompaniedby a corresponding change in the size of the gears 127 and 128, by whichthey are driven.

To permitthe use of rolls 61 62 having gears 127 128 of various size,the gear 129, which connects gear 125 with gear 127 is mounted upon aswinging arm, 142, (see Fig. 2,) so that it can be adjusted to coactwith gears of varying sizes without being thrown out of connection withits driving-gear 125. The arm 142 can be fixed in any desired positionby means of the lateral arm 143, which slides upon a stud, 144, and iscontrolled by a set-screw, 145.

The gear 130 upon the outwardly-extending end of the shaft of roll 62,which, through the trains of gears already described, communicatesmotion to the other cutting and creasing mechanisms, will always be ofthe same size, so that no matter what the size of the rolls 61 62 theother devices will make revolution for revolution with them, as alreadyset forth; but inasmuch as by making the rolls 61 62 larger or smallerthey will without change in their surface speed make aless or greaternumber of revolutions in a given time, it follows that the other cuttingand creasing devices, which remain the same in size and yet .revolvesynchronically with said rolls 61 62, will have their speed varied withevery change in said rolls, and consequently will often have a speeddifferent from that of the web or tube upon which they are acting. As,however, none of the cutting and creasing devices except the rolls 61 62act as feeding devices for the web or tube, it is not necessary thattheyshould move at a uniform speed therewith, except during the intervalswhen they are acting upon said web or tube to cut or crease the same,the remainder of their revolutions being accomplished at a faster orslower rate of speed, if necessary. To secure this action on the part ofthe creasing-blade 9 it, instead of being attached directly to its shaft122, is attached to a sleeve, 8, mounted loosely upon said shaft. Thissleeve is provided with .a circumferential slot, 7, through whichprojects from the shaft a stud, 6, the outer end of which is providedwith a small rod, 4, which extends forward and passes through a bearingin a stud, 5, projecting from the sleeve 8 at the forward end of theslot 7.

Surrounding the rod 4 between the studs 5 and 6 is a spiral spring, thetension of which such position that the stud 6 will be in the rear endof the slot ,7. The creasing-blade 9and the gears by which it is drivenare so proportioned that when said blade is revolvthe longest bag whichit is designed the machine shall ever produce is being madeit will moveas fast or slightly faster than the feed of the tube. blade is caused torevolve more rapidly, so as to crease shorter bags, its speed will beproportionately increased beyond the feed of the tube. From what hasalready been said, however, in regard to the manner in which the blade 9is mounted, it will be readily seen. that, no matter what its speed, itwill, as soon as it comes in contact with the tube upon the drum 67, beretarded so as to conform to the feed of the tube. \Vhile the blade 9 isthus retarded the shaft 122 will move onward at its regular speed,thereby compressing the spring around the rod 4 between the studs 5 6,so that as soon as the blade passes out of contact with the tube thetension of the spring will throw it forward, causing it to regain thedistance lost while in contact with the tube. It will thus be seen thatno matter what the length of the bag it may be successfully creased bythis mechanism by simply changing the speed of the blade.

In order to properly time the action .of the various cutting andcreasing devices with re lation to each other, the gears 119, 134, 135,and 136, instead of being fixed to the shafts of the devices which theyoperate, are secured by bolts 3 to the faces of disks 123, fast to saidshafts, said disks being provided with recesses 2,- as shown in Fig. 8,for the heads of the bolts, so that by loosening the nuts of said boltsthe shafts carrying said cutting and creasing devices can be moved toand set in any desired position with relation .to their driving-gears.

The cutting-rolls 55 56 and the creasingblade 20 and roll 75 areprovided with .devices by which .theyican be given an irregularmotion-that is to say, by which they can be made while acting upon theweb or tube to no move substantially in unison therewith, while theremainder of the revolution is made at .a speed greater or less than thefeed of the tube or web, as may be desired. The devices em ployed forgiving this irregular motion to the 1 I 5 rolls 55 56 and to the roll .75 and blade 20 be ing exactly the same, a description of those employedin connection with the former rolls will be .suflieient for both.

Referring particularly to Figs. 8 .and 9, it

will be seen that the disk 123, which carries the gear 134, instead ofbeingsecured directly to the shaft 46 of the roll 56, is keyed to asleeve, 45,which surrounds said shaft, passing through its bearing inthe frame-work of the 12 5 machine, and has secured to its inner end adisk, 44, provided with an outwardly-extend ing stud, 43, which enters aslot, 30, in a disk, 31, which. is supported in a bearing in anadmachine, as shown in 3. At a point op- From this it follows that whenthe '.ustablearm, 32, secured to the frame of the gear 138, which iskeyed to and drives the shaft 46 of the roll 56, as before explained.The

opening 35 in the disk 31, throughwhich the sleeve 45 passes, is, aswill be observed, very much larger than said sleeve, so that by means ofthe adj ustable arm 32 the disk can be moved at pleasure, so as to beconcentric with or more or less eccentric to the shaft 46 and gear 138.i

From the construction just. described it will be seen that the gear 134,through disk 123 and sleeve 45, imparts motion to the disk 44, and thatthe latter, through stud 43, disk 31, and stud 34, communicates saidmotion to the gear 138 and shaft 46, said shaft, and consequently itsroll and the roll 55, making turn for turn with the gear 134. It willalso be seen that when the disk 3l'is adjusted so as to be concentricwith'the shaft 46, said shaft, and consequently its roll, will have aregular movement, but that-whenthe disk 31 is adjusted, as shown, so asto be eccentric to the shaft 46, said shaft and its roll, while stillmaking turn for turn, or moving at the same average speed as gear 134,will have an irregular movement, one part of the revolution beingaccomplished at a speed greater than that of gear 134, and the otherpart at a speed less than that of said gear. This irregular movement ofthe rolls 55 56, as will readily be seen, makes it possible to so adjustsaid rolls that whether they make a greater or less number of turns to agiven length of the web,'they will, while the cutting-blade 12 isacting, move at substantially the same speed as the web.

In Fig. 10 a modified structure is shown, in which the disk 123 and thesleeve 45 are dispensed with, the gear 134 and the disk 44 be ing keyeddirectly to the shaft 46, while the gear 138 and the roll 56 are securedtogether, but mounted loosely upon the shaft. In Fig. 11 the structureis still further simplified by dispensing with disk 44. The gear 134 isin this case mounted loosely upon the shaft 46, and carries upon itsface the stud 43, the gear 138 being in this case fast to the shaft 46.

The rolls 7]; 72, which carry the final cutting and pasting mechanisms,are driven at a regular speed for all sizes of bags. The blanks beingentirely severed from each other by this cutting mechanism, it is notnecessary that it should move at the same speed as the blank upon whichit acts, while the elastic nature of the pasting-ridges upon the roll 72allows them to yield and slip when the speed of the rolls is greaterthan that of the paper.

To facilitate the supplying of paste to the vats 87 81, the vat 99 isprovided with an overfiow-spout from which a trough, 36, conducts theoverflow to the vat 87, the latter vat being likewise provided with anoverflow-spout from which a trough, 37, conducts its overflow to thelower vat, 81, all as shown in Fig. 1. By this arrangement it is onlynecessary to keep the vat 99 full in order to insure a full supply tothe other vats.

. 4. The combination,withthe yieldingly-sup- 8o ported leading-roll 53,of the pastingdisk 54 and means for causing said disk to follow saidroll in its movements, all substantially. as described.

'5. The combination, with the oscillating roll 8 5 53,0f the oscillatingpasting disk and vat, substantially as described.

6. The combination, with the primary cutting-rolls 55 56 and theopening-rolls 61 62,

of the feedingrolls 59 60, locatedbetween said go cutting and openingrolls, and the former 57, located between said cutting and feedingrolls, substantially as described.

7. The combination, with a creasing-blade,

as 9, provided with means whereby it has a 5 4 limited rotative movementindependent of its shaft, of means for varying the speed of said shaft,all substantially as described.

8. The combination, with the shaft 122, of the sleeve 8, carrying thecreasing-blade, and means for permitting said sleeve to partiallyrevolve upon its shaft, all substantially as described.

. 9. .The combination,with the shaft 122, pro vided with the stud 6, ofthe sleeve 8,carrying the creasing-blade,a1nl. the stud 5 and the springlocated between said studs, substantially as described. I

10. The rolls 71 72, provided with final cutting and pasting devices,all substantially as described.

11. The combination, with a rotary cutting or creasing mechanism, as 5556 or 75 20, and its driving-gears, of an adjustable disk, as 31,provided with slots, as 30 33, in which work studs connected'with saidgears, substantially as described.

12. The combination,witha cutting or creasing mechanism, as 55 56 or 7520, and its driving gears and shaft, of the sleeve 45, provided withdisk 44, adjustable disk 31,provided with slots 30 33, and the studs 3443, substantially as described.

In testimony whereof Ih ave hereunto set my hand in the presence of twosubscribing witnesses.

CHAS. B. STILVELL. Witnesses:

J AS. A. HovnY, Gno. H. GRAHAM.

